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| The Genetics of a Pea |
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Gregor Mendel realized something very important. He realized that every plant had not one, but two genes for each trait. This meant that every pea plant could have two tall genes, two short genes, or a tall and a short gene. |
If a plant inherited two tall genes, how do you think it would grow? Well, there is no short gene, so the plant will grow to become a tall plant. What if a plant has two short genes? Because there is no tall gene, the plant will be short. But what will happen if a plant has both a tall gene and a short gene? |
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Mendel discovered that some genes are dominant, or stronger than other genes. When there are two different kinds of genes (a tall and a short) the dominant gene will determine how the plant will grow. In pea plants, the tall gene is dominant, while the short gene is recessive. Recessive is a big word that means “not dominant.”
  
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